The molecular mechanism of bronchodilatation is inhibition of phosphodiesterase (PDE)3, but the antiinflammatory effect may be due to inhibition of
It is a bronchodilator
MECHANISM OF ACTION
theophylline, alkaloidal drug used in medicine as an antiasthmatic, coronary vasodilator, and diuretic
Theophylline has two distinct actions in the airways of patients with reversible obstruction; smooth muscle relaxation (i
In ASM, PDE4, and PDE3 in minor contribution, represent most of the cAMP-hydrolyzing PDEs [18] [19] [20] [21]
e
Side effects may include dry mouth, hyperactivity, nausea and vomiting
The mode of action of theophylline in asthma is unclear, but several mechanisms have been investigated (Barnes 2013 ; Cazzola et al
Beta-2 agonists and anticholinergics are available in both short-acting and long-acting forms
Theophylline may cause serious side effects
Theophylline is postulated to stimulate bronchodilation by inhibiting phosphodiesterase and adenosine
, bronchodilation) and suppression of the response of the airways to stimuli (i
It differs from theophylline in containing the dioxalane group at position 7 ( Figure 1 )
Theophylline tends to be added to these inhaled bronchodilators in more patients with more severe COPD and has been shown to give additional clinical
You take this bronchodilator daily in pill form to treat mild asthma
It was originally used as a bronchodilator but the relatively high doses required are associated with frequent side effects, so its use declined as inhaled β₂-agonists became more widely used
Barnes PJ, et al
This activity illustrates the indications, mechanism of action, pharmacokinetics, and adverse effects of aminophylline
aminophylline (Truphylline) caffeine
The mainstay of treatment is beta-2 agonists that target the smooth muscles in the bronchioles of the lung
Although not fully understood, pentoxifylline's mechanism of action is believed to act by the nonselective inhibition of phosphodiesterase enzymes similar to theophylline
, bronchodilation) and suppression of the response of the airways to stimuli (i
In the major guidelines for the treatment of COPD, theophylline is relegated to a third line bronchodilator after inhaled anticholinergics and β 2 agonists